Hospitals
Procedures |
- Best Practices for Hospital-based First Receivers of Victims from Mass Casualty Incidents Involving Release of Hazardous Substances (OSHA)
- Managing Emergency Medical Response (PDF - 2,225 KB) (Generic Procedures for Medical Response During a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency, IAEA, Section B, pages 38-41, April 2005)
- Response at the Hospital Level (PDF - 2,225 KB) (Generic Procedures for Medical Response during a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency, IAEA, Section D, Response at the Hospital Level, pages 54 - 96, April 2005)
- Bushberg JT, Miller KL. Hospital Responses to Radiation Casualties (PDF - 141 KB) (Health Physics Society, 2004)
- Bushberg JT, Kroger LA, Hartman MB, Leidholdt EM Jr, Miller KL, Derlet R, Wraa C. Nuclear/radiological terrorism: Emergency department management of radiation casualties. J Emerg Med. 2007 Jan;32(1):71-85. [PubMed Citation]
- Patient Decontamination: Recommendations for Hospitals (PDF - 124 K) (The Hospital and Healthcare System Disaster Interest Group and the California Emergency Medical Services Authority, July 2005, EMSA #233, Radiological Contamination, pages 11-16)
- Hospital Response Following a Terrorist Event with Radioactive Material (PowerPoint® - 5.92 MB) (Health Physics Society, January 6, 2009)
- Emergency Department Management of Radiation Emergencies (PowerPoint® - 1.0 MB) (Health Physics Society, October 5, 2004)
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Surge Capacity |
- Key information
- In large mass casualty situations, responding health care entities may need to increase their capacity several fold very quickly in order to serve patients. This is usually called initiating protocols for "surge capacity".
- In mass casualty situations when there are scarce resources, it may also become necessary to implement "crisis standards of care" for medical activities. Guidance on creating, and implementing these standards is the subject of a recent report from the Institute of Medicine. (2009, purchase required) Brief summary is available without a fee (PDF - 319 KB).
- There is much literature on this topic. Selected recent references are provided.
- HHS/AHRQ
- HHS/CDC
- Other
- Emergency Preparedness - States Are Planning for Medical Surge, but Could Benefit from Shared Guidance for Allocating Scarce Medical Resources (PDF - 1.06 MB) (GAO, June 2008)
- Hick JL, Barbera JA, Kelen GD. Refining surge capacity: conventional, contingency, and crisis capacity. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2009 Jun;3(2 Suppl):S59-67. [PubMed Citation]
- Smith JM, Ansari A, Harper FT. Hospital management of mass radiological casualties: reassessing exposures from contaminated victims of an exploded radiological dispersal device. Health Phys. 2005 Nov;89(5):513-20 [PubMed Citation]
- Medical Surge Capacity, Workshop Summary, Forum on Medical and Public Health Preparedness for Catastrophic Events. (Institute of Medicine of the National Academies, 2010).
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Preparations and Plans |
- Proceedings
for the National Symposium on Hospital Disaster Readiness (American
Hospital Association, February 2002)
- Developing Radiation Emergency Plans for Academic, Medical or Industrial Facilities (NCRP Report No. 111), National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, Bethesda, MD, 1991.
- Dainiak N, Delli Carpini D, Bohan M, Werdmann M, Wilds E, Barlow A, Beck C, Cheng D, Daly N, Glazer P, Mas P, Nath R, Piontek G, Price K, Albanese J, Roberts K, Salner AL, Rockwell S. Development of a statewide hospital plan for radiologic emergencies. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006 May 1;65(1):16-24 [PubMed Citation]
- Training
of Hospital Staff to Respond to a Mass Casualty Incident (PDF - 511 KB) (Evidence report/technical assessment number 95, AHRQ Publication No. 04-E015-2, July 2004)
- Patient Decontamination: Recommendations for Hospitals (PDF - 124 K) (The Hospital and Healthcare System Disaster Interest Group and the California Emergency Medical Services Authority, July 2005, EMSA #233, Radiological Contamination, pages 11-16)
- Preparedness for Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosive Events: Questionnaire for Health Care Facilities (HHS/AHRQ, 2007)
- Radiological Attack — Radiological Dispersal Devices (PDF - 127 KB) (The California Emergency Medical Services Authority)
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Triage |
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Hospital Incident Command System
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- Hospital Incident Command System
- What is the Hospital Incident Command System (HICS)?
- Frequently asked questions about HICS
- Is HICS appropriate for both small and large hospitals?
- How has HICS evolved from the 3 earlier versions of HEICS?
- What are the primary differences between HEICS III, HEICS IV, and HICS?
- Additional references
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